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The TaiJi Long Form
The TaiJi Short/Competition Forms
What's Tha Big Diff?

Ancient Chinese scroll Tao Te Ching Dao De Jing and Tai Chi TaiJi

WE PRACTICE THE YANGJIA LONG

Of all of the places to find ‘politics’, you’d think that Taoist thought – much less TaiJi – would be the last place. But, as happens with most things when they become popular, what can only be described as politics to the less-knowledgable has found very deep roots in the minds and hearts of TaiJiQuan practitioners all over the world. 

Here, at The Black Mountain Spirit School of Chinese Kung Fu in Pittsburgh PA,”We practice the YangJia long form. For traditionalists, for people deeply immersed in a combination of the martial, philosophical, and spiritual aspects of TaiJi practice, there simply is no other way.  People who want to pursue a more feel-good or ‘park-style’ TaiJi are well within their rights to do so. But for those of us trying to maintain the most ancient traditions, working very hard to continuously research and refine our own practice for the purposes of contributing to this great and vast legacy that has been handed down to us, feel an obligation to those who have come before to practice the ‘Traditional Long Form’. 

  1. Any shortening of the form means less physical exercise . The ancient masters ascribed a certain number of repetitions for a reason. The exercise that people are seeking  through the practice of TaiJi because of it’s reputation is automatically truncated by the lower number of movements, and the reduced amount of time engaged in a physical activity. That aforementioned reputation comes from the people who seem to have an incredible amount of  mental clarity, spiritual vitality, and physical endurance, as a result of their dedicated practice. 
  2. The shorter forms are missing movements that, like tools missing from a toolbox, are no longer able to be employed for the purposes desired or required. Some of the techniques are specifically designed to affect your physical health, structure, and flexibility in very specific ways that cannot be reproduced through other movements. When you start cutting away at the culmination of several centuries worth of master’s life’s work for the sake of ‘time’ or ‘ease’, or most ridiculoudly  to make it ‘more available’, you’re literally welding shut the gate that would have led to a practitioner’s freedom if only left alone. If it’s not broke, don’t fix it!
  3. Most heinously, practicing without the martial anything literally dismantles the entire process. This art, this martial art, was designed in very specific ways to activate and make present very specific processes and attributes that, although have many differing paths of evolution, are still within a very easily identifiable milieu meant to bring about very specific results. The course was set long ago by people who knew a helluva lot more than the average practitioners, whose personal experiences were much more profound than those experienced by today’s television/social media/desk-job practitioners. That’s not meant to be disparaging towards members of any of those demographics, but those members aren’t going to be anywhere near the levels of skill, awareness, strength, or experience of those who’ve spent their entire lives living and avoiding death by sheer will and the skill of their hands alone.

Let's discuss the actual differences between the 'Long' form and all of the others...

The Yang Family TaiJi long form, often associated with the traditional Yang Cheng Fu form, is distinct from shorter forms in several important ways. Here’s a breakdown of key differences:
 
1. Length and Complexity
 
•Long Form: The traditional Yang Family long form includes between 85 and 108 postures, depending on the lineage and specific teaching method. It takes anywhere from 20 to 40 minutes to complete, which allows practitioners to develop endurance, focus, and a deep understanding of each movement.
•Shorter Forms: Common shorter forms, like the 24-posture or 37-posture forms, typically take around 5 to 10 minutes to complete. They distill the essential movements of the long form but lack some transitions and repetitions. This makes them easier to learn and practice, particularly for beginners or those with limited time.
 
2. Physical and Energetic Depth
 
•Long Form: Because of its length, the long form emphasizes extended periods of calmness, stability, and gradual development of “Qi” (internal energy). The form’s continuous, meditative flow creates a cumulative effect, allowing practitioners to cultivate a deep sense of internal awareness and connection over a longer period.
•Shorter Forms: Shorter forms can still be energetically impactful, but their reduced duration may offer a more superficial experience of energy flow. They’re often seen as accessible introductions to TaiJi’s principles without the deeper endurance and immersion required by the long form.
 
3. Skill Development and Martial Applications
 
•Long Form: The longer duration and more intricate movements of the long form help to cultivate finer levels of control, coordination, and muscle memory. Each posture is layered with martial intent, making it ideal for more advanced practitioners looking to hone their technique and internal skills. This form provides a comprehensive repertoire of offensive and defensive applications, especially if martial applications are emphasized.
•Shorter Forms: Shorter forms often emphasize health benefits, flexibility, and relaxation, focusing less on martial application. However, with an experienced teacher, shorter forms can still convey core martial principles and introduce the essence of TaiJi’s defensive and offensive concepts.
 
4. Pedagogical Focus
 
•Long Form: Traditionally, the long form was seen as the complete system, containing all the essential teachings and subtle nuances of Yang-style TaiJi. It requires commitment and patience to learn, as it includes repetitions and slower transitions that help students integrate complex principles over time.
•Shorter Forms: These were designed for accessibility, making it easier for people with limited time or experience to get an introduction to TaiJi. The 24-posture form, for example, was developed in the 1950s for widespread practice and offers a simpler, shorter sequence that still captures core movements and benefits of TaiJi.
 
5. Philosophical and Traditional Aspects
 
•Long Form: The long form embodies the traditional teachings and philosophy of Yang-style TaiJi in its fullest form. Practicing it can become a meditative journey, deeply tied to TaiJi’s philosophical roots in Taoism, balance, and the Yin-Yang dynamic.
•Shorter Forms: While these can still reflect TaiJi philosophy, they generally don’t delve as deeply into the traditional teachings. They focus more on movement and breathing, sometimes missing the philosophical and symbolic depth that’s more prominent in the long form.
 
Choosing Between Them
 
For those seeking a comprehensive TaiJi experience with a focus on martial skills, personal growth, and internal cultivation, the Yang Family long form is ideal. Shorter forms, on the other hand, offer a way to practice TaiJi efficiently and can be a good stepping stone toward deeper study, especially for newcomers or those with physical limitations or time constraints.

Choosing Between Them:
Which is it going to be, Long or Short?

For those seeking a comprehensive TaiJi experience with a focus on martial skills, personal growth, and internal cultivation, the Yang Family long form is ideal. Shorter forms, on the other hand, offer a way to practice TaiJi efficiently and can be a good stepping stone toward deeper study, especially for newcomers or those with physical limitations or time constraints.

And Now, Finally, The Long form and the Short Form, side by side.

Although the version of TaiJi that we practice has many more of the martial details than the versions displayed below, I’ve selected these 2 as the best proponents of the TaiJi Long and Short forms. 

The first is an actual Yang Family member, Grandmaster Yang Jun, 5th generation lineage holder, and is the head of the Yang Family system , internationally. Regardless of what form, what teacher, what lineage, in theory he is the final authority in all matters relating to The Yang Family System of TaiJiQuan.

The second video is from Maggie Newman, someone whom I consider to be a very good practitioner of the Cheng Man Ching branch of the worlds TaiJi practitioners. If I were judging at a tournament I’d give her 10’s across the board; this is not the way that I express my TaiJi, nor what I desire from my students, but that’s because we’re on different paths, and for the one that she’s walking, I think she treads it very well.

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A sculpture, ShiFu Black, and an assistant are all depicted in the TaiJiQuan (Tai Chi Chuan) posture Snake Creeps Down